VOLUME 16, ISSUE 05, MAY, 2025

Lichen Planus Pigmentosus (LPP) is a rare, chronic dermatological condition marked by dark, non-itchy, non-scaly pigmentation, typically on sun-exposed areas. It is more prevalent in individuals with darker skin types, especially in tropical regions. A 48-year-old male presented with gradually spreading pigmented lesions on the neck and face since 2019, following emotional stress. At Dr Batra’s, a holistic homeopathic approach led to long-term improvement, highlighting the effectiveness of individualized homeopathic care in LPP.

Introduction: Premature and critically ill infants in the NICU require timely physiotherapy interventions for optimal developmental support. Despite its significance, awareness of and referral practices for NICU physiotherapy among pediatric healthcare professionals are not well-documented. This study investigates the current awareness and referral practices regarding physiotherapy early intervention in the NICU among pediatric healthcare professionals. Methodology: Pediatricians, neonatologists, pediatric head nurses, pediatric intensivists, and other healthcare professionals from Gujarat, India, participated in this online survey study. A questionnaire was distributed to assess their knowledge, awareness, and factors influencing their physiotherapy referral decisions in the NICU. The principal investigator met with participants at their workplaces to explain the study and collect informed consent along with the completed questionnaires. Results: The study found that pediatric healthcare professionals recognize the role of physiotherapy in promoting recovery and development in high-risk neonatal conditions. Notable conditions where physiotherapy was considered beneficial included Erb’s palsy (78.6%), respiratory conditions (74.8%), and torticollis (68%). However, fewer respondents believed early intervention was beneficial for conditions like Meconium Aspiration Syndrome (29.1%), intrauterine growth restriction (IUGR) (27.2%), or jaundice (9.7%). Regarding referral practices, 43.7% of respondents reported that they "sometimes" refer infants to physiotherapy, 29.1% "frequently" refer, and 9.7% "always" refer. In contrast, 17.5% of participants "rarely" or "never" refer infants to physiotherapy, indicating that some professionals either perceive limited need or face barriers in implementation. Conclusion: This study highlights a gap between the awareness of the benefits of physiotherapy early intervention and actual referral practices among pediatric healthcare professionals. While many recognize the value of physiotherapy, a significant portion does not consistently refer infants for services. Increased education and support for healthcare professionals could improve referral practices, ultimately benefiting neonatal health outcomes.

Alopecia areata is a chronic, autoimmune disorder where the immune system attacks hair follicles, leading to sudden, non-scarring hair loss, often triggered by stress or infections. A 6-year-old girl presented with patchy scalp hair loss with individualized homeopathic treatment at Dr. Batra’s, significant regrowth was observed, suggesting positive efficacy in pediatric alopecia areata.

The widespread use of antibiotics in livestock production has raised significant concerns regarding public health, environmental sustainability, and social well-being. Despite their role in preventing infections and promoting growth in animals, antibiotic use in farming has been linked to the emergence of antibiotic-resistant bacteria, posing a major threat to human health. This study aims to assess the environmental and social impacts of antibiotic usage in livestock production, with a focus on its contribution to the growing public health crisis of antimicrobial resistance (AMR). The research employs a mixed-methods approach, combining a systematic review of literature with case studies of antibiotic usage in intensive and extensive livestock systems. The findings reveal that overuse and misuse of antibiotics in animal husbandry are directly associated with increased AMR rates in both animals and humans, resulting in higher healthcare costs, longer treatment durations, and greater mortality. Furthermore, the environmental contamination of soil and water with antibiotic residues is a pressing issue, with potential long-term effects on ecosystems. The study concludes with policy recommendations to limit the indiscriminate use of antibiotics in agriculture, promote alternatives, and enhance global collaboration to address AMR.

The electrical characterization of solar cells is essential to evaluate their performance and understand their behavior under different environmental conditions, including temperature. Charge carriers, under the influence of temperature, diffuse into the cell, a phenomenon quantified by the diffusion capacitance. These generated carriers do not contribute to the electric current; some recombine in specific areas, either on the surface or in the bulk. Bulk recombination mechanisms include Shockley-Read-Hall (SRH) recombination, radiative recombination, and Auger recombination. We analyzed the variation of diffusion capacitance as a function of temperature, neglecting surface recombinations to focus on bulk recombination mechanisms. Calculations, performed for three different bias voltages, show that diffusion capacitance due to Auger recombination predominates, followed by that associated with radiative recombination, while SRH recombination contributes the least. The study reveals that, although the open-circuit voltage decreases with increasing temperature, the diffusion capacitance increases, mainly due to carrier thermogeneration and the exponential variation of the diode current. These results demonstrate a lack of direct causal relationship between the decrease in open-circuit voltage and the increase in diffusion capacitance.

This study applied t-distribution statistical analysis to evaluate the quality of electrical cables produced in Lagos metropolitan city, Nigeria, with a focus on the standard conductor resistance and sample resistance. The aim of this work is to determine the conformity of thecables produced in Lagos to established standards and identify areas for improvement in the production process. The population mean and standard deviation of the sample data were estimated. These metrics were employed in evaluating the level of compliance of the sample resistance values obtained against the Nigeria Industrial Standard/International Electrotechnical Commission (NIS/IEC) standard resistance of the cable sizes. The t-tests were conducted at two different confidence levels: 90% and 95%. The findings from the outcome of the cable samples indicated that the overall resistance values complied with the laid down industry requirements. This means that quality assurance and quality control policies implemented in the production of the products are adequate in guaranteeing quality, reliability, and safety of the products. The t-tests confirmed adherence of the sample resistances to the population mean on which cable samples with considerable deviations were flagged. An average of 4 was obtained as the conformity measurements meaning that slight deviation exists in the values of resistance. Such variations indicate areas requiring improvement to enhance the standardization and quality utilized in the manufacturing line. Electricity cables produced in Lagos have good compliance with the quality measures in its production as depicted in the standard procedures, however, the need to constantly assess and update the manufacturing processes in a bid to meet and improve on the required product quality is important.

Shakuntala Devi gained worldwide recognition for being the most prominent human computer globally, showcasing unparalleled skills in the field of computer science and technology. Her remarkable contributions to this domain have solidified her reputation as a pioneer in the field. Due to her extraordinary abilities and prowess, she is widely revered as the "Human Computer of the World" due to her extraordinary abilities. Devi's profound impact on the world of mathematics and computation has left an indelible mark, earning her the admiration and respect of professionals and enthusiasts alike. Through her exceptional talent and dedication, she has transcended boundaries and become an iconic figure in the realm of numbers and algorithms.

In this paper, we examine shape optimization problems for thermoelasticity. We first propose a model of the thermoelasticity problem, and then provide a mathematical analysis for the model under consideration. We also show result for the existence of optimal shapes in three ways, and we conclude by giving a shape derivation result using the Lagrange method.

Indian Knowledge System (IKS) is a vast body of knowledge deeply rooted in Indian culture, encompassing disciplines such as philosophy, spirituality, science and medicine. It is evidenced by its massive collection of intellectual texts, manuscripts and its well-documented heritage of texts, thinkers and philosophical schools in a wide range of subject areas. The IKS emphasize holistic well-being by using knowledge for self-purification, liberation and addressing contemporary challenges through ancient wisdom. The National Education Policy 2020 too emphasises on integrating IKS into education at various levels. The implementation of the Indian Knowledge System (IKS) in higher education can be recognized as a crucial endeavour for fostering holistic development and critical thinking among students. This paper argues that the integration of IKS should focus not merely on the creation and transmission of content but on the development of a unique and diverse thought process based on Bharatiya Gyan Parampara. This idea aligns with the National Education Policy (NEP) 2020’s vision of creating an education system that nurtures critical thinkers and responsible citizens. By focusing on the development of thinking rather than the mere absorption of content, the implementation of IKS in higher education has the potential to enrich the intellectual landscape of students in HE. Integrating philosophical foundations, Indian cultural values, traditional & tribal knowledge and cognitive frameworks inherent in IKS, higher education can rise above the traditional content-centric approach. Drawing from ancient Indian educational practices, the paper discusses how IKS encourages inquiry-based learning, self-reflection and contextual understanding, which are essential for addressing contemporary global challenges. The study also explores the challenges in implementing IKS in higher education and provide recommendationsincluding the need for curriculum redesigning, teacher training and policy support.

Solanum melongena (SM) or eggplant and Solanum lycopersicum belongs to the family Solanaceae. The present research work investigates the effects of combination of both extracts for analgesics and inflammatory activities. Fresh leaves were collected, weighed, grinded and mixed into fine powder followed for Soxhlet extraction using hydro-alcohol (50-50%) as solvent. The analgesic and anti-inflammatory activities were investigated using eddy’s hot plate method and formalin induced paw oedema model using plethysmograph. Albino Wistar rats of either sex were divided into 4 groups each containing six animals where control group is treated with saline, standard group with (diclofenac sodium 10mg/kg-i.p.), test groups with hydro-alcoholic leaf extract of Solanum melongena and Solanum lycopersicum at doses 150mg/kg and 300 mg/kg (orally). The extracts showed significant analgesic and anti-inflammatory activity at the dose of 300mg/kg with respect to standard drug diclofenac sodium (10mg/kg). Analgesic activity using eddy’s hot plate method screened based on time taken to show pricking and licking movements showed significant analgesic activity at 300 mg/kg (9.08±0.19sec) similar with standard drug (8.9±0.39sec). Anti-inflammatory activity screened using formalin 5% (0.01ml) induced paw edema model. Standard group showed 77.61% decline in inflammation whereas the group receiving 300mg/kg also showed 73.77% decrease in inflammatory response measured using rise in mercury levels. The results indicate the leaf extracts at doses of 300mg/kg showed good analgesic and inflammatory activity due to synergistic effect.

It Synthesis of 2-phenyl benzimidazole derivatives by oxidative condensation reaction with o-phenylenediamine (1.05 mmol), substituted benzaldehyde (1 mmol), catalyst cobalt (II) acetylacetoneand solvent CH3OH stirring at room temperature for 4 hours. Solubility experiments showed that the cobalt (II) acetylacetone is miscible with methanol and relatively readily soluble in polar solvents such as ethanol, and they are partially immiscible with no-polar solvents such as ethyl acetate, and tetrahydrofuran. The efficiency of the reaction was mainly affected by the amount of the catalyst. As can be seen from Table 1, the optimal amount of cobalt (II) acetylacetone was 0.05 mmol (entry 2). The isolated yield of 2-phenylbenzimidazole decreases with the increase of cobalt (II) acetylacetone from 0.05 mmol to 0.5 mmol.

L’objectif de notre étude a été de mettre en relief l’efficacité du phénomène d’adsorption en utilisant comme matériau adsorbant l’argile pour éliminer les eaux contaminées par la Lévofloxacine. Des billes d’argile environ 0,3 cm de diamètres ont été fabriquées et activées thermiquement. Diverses matrices telles que l'eau ultra pure et l'eau de rivière contaminée par la Lévofloxacine à des concentrations différentes ont été prises en compte. Deux expériences ont été réalisées à savoir, l’adsorption par hydrolyse et l’adsorption par l’argile. L’adsorption par hydrolyse a été réalisée à l’obscurité.Les résultats obtenus de cette expérience montrent l’inefficacités de l’adsorption de la Lévofloxacine.Par contre l’adsorption par l’argile a été réalisée en fonction de plusieurs paramètres tels que le pH de la Lévofloxacine, masse de l’argile, concentration de la Lévofloxacine, ces résultats ont relevé que l’efficacité de l’adsorption est fonction de ces paramètres.

Gender equality implies that men and women have equal opportunities in education, career growth, financial independence and political empowerment. Guaranteeing rights of women and providing avenues is critical for attaining equity. Major problems faced by them are security, motherhood, family responsibility and self-imposed gender subordination. Women have fewer opportunities for economic participation than men, less access to basic and higher education, greater health and safety risks, less visibility at the higher positions and less political representation/leadership. To increase participation and inculcate interest of females in Science, Technology, Engineering & Mathematics, conducting of women science congress and women centric programmes at regular intervals in routine required. Workshops, seminars for sharing career prospects, introduction/interaction with the successful leaders of excellence, networking between faculty and researchers, easy access to their icon & mentors is of great importance. At workplace having more female heads of organizations will provide a balanced safe & secured environment and inspiration to the young females. Substantial financial support will encourage tapping of scientific acumen for pursuing higher studies and research for financial independence. Offering lucrative leading position in the universities, research organizations and offices will attract talent and potential leaders to improve visibility and gender balance.

In Senegal, the agricultural sector constitutes a key sector for economic and social development. One in two households is active in agriculture. However, it is characterized by low productivity with an insufficient contribution of 9.6% to GDP (in 2022). To better boost the sector, the State is implementing several programs and projects. This research aims to evaluate the effects of support for animal and plant production on households benefiting from the Project for the Opening up of Production Zones in support of the National Local Development Program (POPZ/NLDP). The "before-after" method is used. It is based on the comparison of results recorded by key variables during and after a project, with those before the project. The targeted regions are those of Kaolack and Kaffrine, with two municipalities in each region. The questionnaires are administered to individuals chosen randomly, distributed in several villages and belonging to farmer organizations benefiting from project support. For the choice of non-beneficiaries, the “nearest neighbor with the same characteristics as the beneficiary” method is adopted.The results revealed a decline in the areas sown with millet and corn. This regression did not prevent the increase in the production of these crops, compared to the results obtained before the intervention of the project, in 2020. Household income, linked to these crops, has seen an absolute increase of 161,188 CFA franc, a relative increase of 391%. Poultry incomes decreased by 21.8% but those from sheep farming increased by 150%.

In [22], Kumar introduced the notion of b2-multiplicative metric space. Czerwik [2] generalized the concept of metric space and put the idea and terminology of b-metric space. In [15] B. Surender Reddy et al presented the concept of 2-multiplicative metric space. In this paper we introduce the concept of R-weakly commutative mappings on b2-multiplicative metric space. Also we prove a common coincidence point theorem for two pairs of R-weakly commutative mappings on b2-multiplicative metric space.

Psoriasis is a chronic, non-contagious, inflammatory skin disorder that is often characterized by the rapid multiplication of skin cells, leading to scaling and itching. It is an autoimmune disease and can be localized or generalized. This paper focuses on a 17-year-old female patient suffering from chronic psoriasis for 5–6 years presented with severe symptoms that hindered her daily life. She had visited 10-15 doctors with no lasting relief, until she sought treatment at Dr. Batra's homeopathy. After homeopathic treatment, she experienced 90% improvement, both physically and emotionally.

Cooking is a transformation technique (preparation) by exposure to heat. This heat generally comes (in our regions) from wood, thus causing deforestation. To this can be added diseases due to the soot produced during the combustion of wood. The sun, this source of available and free energy can be used to replace wood for cooking. The development of solar cookers is proving to be a necessity for countries with strong sunshine. This work consists of setting up a solar cooker type reflector box and determining its performance in the city of Ouagadougou. In order to determine the performance of the cooker, readings were taken empty and loaded. These readings concerned the temperatures of the ambient air, the air in the cooker of the absorber and the water as well as the solar flux. From these measurements it can be seen that the absorber temperature reaches about 140°C, the water temperature reaches about 90°C and the air inside the oven reaches about 91°C under a sunshine of about 765 W/m 2. The merit factors F1 and F2 gave values of 0.152 and 0.42 respectively. The estimated efficiency is about 32.66%. These values testify to the performance of the designed cooker.

It is well-known that entangled particles have stronger correlations than what is permissible in classical scenario. Entanglement is exploited in the field of quantum computation and quantum technologies. In this era of Noisy Intermediate-Scale Quantum (NISQ) machines one is concerned with tackling quantum noise in order to establish their advantage overclassical digital computers. Here we study the performance of IBM open access 7-qubit quantum processor ibmq_nairobifor Bell state tomography. We adapt a tomography scheme consisting of 7 measurement operations on the qubits q0, q1 and reconstruct Bell states. We find that there is a marked improvement in our figure-of-merit quantum fidelity, after error-mitigation methods are employed.

Dr. Babasaheb Ambedkar is recognized as one of the most influential figures in history and commands a substantial following. Two prominent elements pay tribute to India's heritage. The Battle of Koregaon fought in January 1818, stands out as a pivotal moment in the struggle of Dalits who allied with Bajirao Peshwa II and the British in their fight against entrenched inequalities within Indian society. Of the 30,000 soldiers serving under Peshwa II, only 500 Mahar soldiers demonstrated remarkable courage and ultimately achieved victory over the Peshwa's forces. The Dalits exhibited heroism and resilience in their quest for self-respect, striving to dismantle the remnants of caste culture.

In this work, thanks to 3D modelling, we were able to express the effective broadcast length as a function of dimensions (x, y) of crystal, loss rate at the limits of x and y, temperature and magnetic field, based on the distribution of carriers in the base volume, obtained from the minority carrier continuity equation. The effective broadcast length and short circuit current were calculated as a function of grain size, magnetic field and temperature. It was found that the short-circuit current is independent of the effective broadcast length but also on the grain size, magnetic field and temperature. This shows that the electrical parameters cannot be extrapolated to larger effective broadcast lengths since it is limited for a given optimal temperature, magnetic field and grain size. Also, a small effective broadcast length can be due to a small carrier scattering length, a small grain size, a high temperature or a high magnetic field.

HID attacks have gradually made up as one of the major cyberspace threats that currently exist as far as current exploitations by decent operating systems are concerned, intended only for trusting USB devices. The attacks included the use of compromised USB devices for payload delivery using applications such as BadUSB and Rubber Ducky in commands to avoid security mechanisms and gain unauthorized access to the system's mechanisms. This survey paper reviews comprehensive literature related to HID attacks, covering various attack techniques, detection methods, and mitigation strategies proposed by different researchers. It has been found that most traditional security solutions such as antivirus applications and endpoint protection solutions fail to identify any HID-based threats as these execute at the hardware level. Many research efforts were made toward developing machine learning-based detection mechanisms, cryptographic authentication, and solutions to develop the hardware security subsystem to fight against such attacks. However, the attackers always change their tactics, so there must be a strategy of multi-layered defense consisting of appropriate real-time monitoring, enforcement of policies, and user awareness training. It also discusses several gaps that nations still have in HID attack mitigation and most importantly, future work in adaptive and proactive security measures research.

Azolla, a protein-rich aquatic fern, plays a vital role in goat nutrition due to its high digestibility and nutritional value and were utilized as a dietary protein source on the digestibility, milk yield, and milk quality of lactating upgraded goats. A 20 weeks (140 days) feeding trial with a 2 weeks acclimatization period was conducted using 16, first parity lactating 50% Anglo-Nubian x 50% Native goats in a Randomized Completely Block Design. Data were analyzed using analysis of variance and significant differences among treatments were determined using Tukey’s Test at 5% level of significance. findings show that the final body weight of goats fed with formulation 4 (15% azolla) had significantly higher (p<0.05) final body weight of 31.75 kg compared to goats fed with formulation 1 (0% azolla) with 27.85 kg, but were comparable (p>0.05) to goats fed with formulation 3 (10% azolla) and formulation 2 (5% azolla) of 31.50 kg. Digestibility of feed and legumes was significantly higher (p<0.05) in goats fed with 5% azolla (90.76% and 77.06%, respectively) compared to the control, but comparable to those fed with 10% and 15% azolla. Milk analysis showed that the milk of goats fed with formulation 2 (5% azolla) had significantly higher (p<0.05) milk fat of 8.10 g/kg, protein of 4.80 g/kg, ash of 0.90 g/kg, Calcium of 204 mg/kg and 164 μg/kg compared to the milk quality of upgraded goats fed with other formulations. Additionally, goats fed with 5% azolla had the highest milk yield (696 ml/day) and profitability, with a net income of 788.85 and a return on investment of 18.80%. These findings suggest that incorporating 5% azolla in goat feed enhances growth performance, digestibility, and profitability, making it a viable strategy for improving goat production and income for farmers.

This paper attempts to show the effect of the culture of the coopetitors on the two components of coopetition, between VSEs. Our methodology is quantitative exploratory based on data from a questionnaire administered to 652 drivers of eleven nationalities. Correspondence factor analysis and moderation and mediation tests were used to process the data. The exploration indicates that individualistic national and transnational cultures influence the structure of coopetition. The tests specify these influences. Indeed, the individualistic transnational culture of the actors has a negative moderating effect and a confounding effect on competitive coopetition. In addition, it negatively moderates balanced coopetition. Individualistic national culture has a positive moderating effect and an inconsistent mediating effect on competitive coopetition. The theoretical contribution of this research makes it possible to specify the cultural influences of the actors on the tensions between cooperation and competition in the dynamics of coopetition. Taking into account the cultural dimension and its influences makes it possible to theoretically specify the dosage between the components of coopetition. This consideration will allow managers to position themselves in their business relations on a national and/or transnational scale, to take advantage of this dynamic.

Cette étude explore l'impact des eaux usées sur la pollution des nappes phréatiques susceptible à la contamination des sources d’eau de boisson. Une étude impliquant une enquête auprès des ménages et des analyses physico-chimiques et microbiologiques des eau de puits, de forages et des eaux uses selon l’Association Française de Normalisation. Les résultats montrent que 68,01% des ménages s'approvisionnent en eau de forage et de de puits. L'analyse des échantillons d’eaux de puits, de forage et des eaux usées révèle plusieurs anomalies dans la qualité de l'eau sur le plan physico-chimique en particulier la conductivité (>1000 µS/cm), le pH, la concentration de solides dissous (1500 mg/L), le manganèse et les chlorures (> 250 mg/L), comparés aux normes de l'OMS. Les rapports DCO/DBO des trois échantillons d’eau usées sont supérieurs à 0,5 indiquant que les eaux usées contiennent une proportion importante de composés difficilement biodégradables. Tous les échantillons sont non conformes aux normes pour les flores anaérobies mésophiles le forage F2, les coliformes totaux et thermotolérants et les streptocoques fécaux. Seuls les anaérobies sulfito-réducteurs et les Escherichia coli respectent les normes. Ces eaux sont alors non satisfaisantes pour la consommation et doivent être assujetties aux techniques appropriées de traitement de l'eau.