Life Sciences

Liquid Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry (LC-MS) is an indispensable, hyphenated analytical technique that has profoundly influenced the areas of chemistry, life sciences, and medicine. By synergistically combining the high-resolution separation power of Liquid Chromatography (LC) with the unparalleled selectivity and sensitivity of Mass Spectrometry (MS), LC-MS enables the qualitative identification and precise quantitative analysis of complex mixtures.

The selective targeting ability of nanoparticles has overshadowed conventional cancer therapies. Recent studies have reported the anticancer potential of ZnO nanoparticles due to their high biocompatibility and selectivity. Through this study, the anticancer potential of biogenically synthesized glucose-capped (GC ZnO-NPs) and uncapped ZnO nanoparticles (UC ZnO-NPs) by aqueous leaf extract of Solanum nigrum has been assessed against the triple-negative breast cancer (MDA-MB-231) cell line through induction of apoptosis and the generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS).

This study provides the first assessment of the morphometry, length–weight relationship, and condition factor of Sarpa salpa in the Bizerte Lagoon, northern Tunisia, to enhance understanding of its population structure and growth dynamics. Morphometric traits, including body shape, fin dimensions, and eye and orbital measurements, were analyzed to provide a detailed description of the species’ morphology.

Amblyopia, usually known as "lazy eye," is a childhood vision disorder resulting from impaired coordination between the brain and the eye during early visual development, leading to reduced vision in one eye. It is a universal public health concern, affecting 1-5% of the population, with higher prevalence in developing countries due to limited access to early diagnosis and treatment. Untreated amblyopia can cause permanent vision loss, impacting education and career prospects.

Rice is one of the most widely used staple foods in the world. However, its production is still very limited compared to the exponentially growing demand. Senegal, with an average consumption of 90 kg/habitant, is the third largest importer of rice in Africa. Aware of the impact of imports on the population, Senegal has set itself the objective of achieving food self-sufficiency by 2022 with an average yield of 5T/ha. ISRA, through its research, contributes to the achievement of this objective by developing adapted technologies.

This work reports the development of a UV-induced thiol–ene photografting process applied to cellulosic paper in a batch reactor, enabling homogeneous and controlled surface functionalization. Parametric optimisation revealed that increasing the thiol concentration from 0.05 to 0.20 mol•L⁻¹ raised the grafted sulfur content from 0.18% to 1.02%, while thiol conversion reached 98% after 90 min of irradiation at 15 mW•cm⁻².

Côte d'Ivoire, the world's largest producer of cocoa, is not outside the constraints linked to this crop. In addition to diseases like swollen shoot, certain bio-aggressors such as termites wreak havoc in cocoa trees. The objective of this study is to evaluate the yield loss linked to termite attacks on cocoa trees in different agroforestry systems. Yield was evaluated by selecting ten (10) infested and ten (10) non-infested cocoa trees in 30 m x 30 m quadrats installed in each plot.

This study examined the epidemiology of Salmonella Typhi in Kala'a Hong Local Government Area, Adamawa State. The research aimed to identify the prevalence, distribution, and risk factors associated with Salmonella Typhi infections within the region. A cross-sectional survey design was employed, with samples collected from both clinical and environmental sources across selected communities. Laboratory analyses confirmed the presence of Salmonella Typhi, with results indicating a significant prevalence rate among the population.

The objective of this work is to determine the appropriateness of the effect of agroecology in bean plantations to increase bean grain yield and increase the protein content in the grain. Eleven varieties (local and imported) were tested on the agro-ecology of the Republic of Congo, the random block system with three (3) replicates, each block was made up of 11 experimental plots. The results of the agro-ecological trials on beans were carried out by comparing the average rates of the plants.

The widespread use of antibiotics in livestock production has raised significant concerns regarding public health, environmental sustainability, and social well-being. Despite their role in preventing infections and promoting growth in animals, antibiotic use in farming has been linked to the emergence of antibiotic-resistant bacteria, posing a major threat to human health. This study aims to assess the environmental and social impacts of antibiotic usage in livestock production, with a focus on its contribution to the growing public health crisis of antimicrobial resistance (AMR).