Climate change is becoming a serious threat to agriculture, forests, fisheries and food security situation in Chittagong Hill Tracts (CHT) of Bangladesh. High temperatures and uncertain rainfall decreases the production of crops by reducing the length of growing period. Projections show that temperature would be increased by 2.5°C up to 2050 and the rise in temperature would cause frequent and prolong heat waves that can decline the crop production. The security of people, community and the nations is decreasing due to climate change. Expectation is that the consequences of climate change will increase livelihood insecurity, food insecurity, poverty, malnutrition, unemployment, lack of safe drinking water and water borne diseases in Bangladesh. Climate change equally affect all the people but indigenous people in CHT are going to be more vulnerable because of their more closeness to the natural environment and they are the first one to experience, identify and adapt to any climate related change. Temperature rise shall significantly reduce the yield of agronomic crops, water and natural resources. Sustainable crop production under changing climate is a key challenge to the hill people of Bangladesh. That’s why, adaptation measures are required to reduce the climate vulnerabilities. The indigenous people of CHT may make the use of their own wisdom and accumulated knowledge gathered from the predecessor over time to adapt to changing climate. The negative effects of climate change may be minimized by developing heat tolerant cultivars and some modification in current production technologies.
