Development Of A Soya Bean Oil Extracting Machine

An expelling machine for extracting oil from soya bean seeds was designed and fabricated for market-oriented production. The procedures employed the design stage, construction and testing. The machine components are: the speed reduction gear, expellant unit, drains collector, driving and driven pulleys, and the hopper. The expelling unit consists of a screw expellant shaft with expellant barrel. The soya bean seeds were pre-heated by roasting before extraction of the oil in it. The machine gave a better performance at the speed of 60 revolutions per minute. Analysis of variance showed that cylinder speed made significant effects at p≤0.05 on the parameters evaluated and the separation of means using F-LSD showed significant difference on the parameters evaluated. The quality of extracted soya bean oil was also analysed. The oil was evaluated as follows: free fatty acid value 2.5 %, saponification value 191 mgKOH/g, iodine value 128 I2 /100g, peroxide 4.68meqo2/kg, total viable count (TVC) 0.2 x 101 CFU/mL and total coliforms count 0.0 x 101 CFU/mL. These values fall within the acceptable standard values. Based on the characteristics of the oil, it could be suitable for applications in pharmaceutical and food industries.